About 14% of males and 5% of females have cardiovascular disease [Hunter 2002] - annual cardiac examination, including echocardiogram by age ten and repeated every five to ten years is recommended.
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abnormalities of the mitral, tricuspid, and aortic valves - mitral valve stenosis | |
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short chordae | |
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cardiomyopathy | |
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congestive heart failure | |
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dilation of the aorta and pulmonary artery | |
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cardiac anomolies may contribute to shortened lifespan |
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